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Journal of CO2 Utilization
An advanced CO 2 mineralization technology using Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) byproduct gypsum, which coproduces value-added precipitated calcium carbonate (precipitated CaCO 3, PCC) and ammonium sulfate [(NH 4) 2 SO 4, AS] fertilizer, is being developed to address the technical challenges of achieving simultaneous CO 2 capture and utilization, high …
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Utilization of natural gypsum for the preparation of ammonium sulfate
Moreover, the optimum conditions of the ammonium sulfate preparation are 10 g of the suspended impure or purified phosphogypsum in 40 ml of 3% ammonium sulfate solution (as initiator), 1/4 solid ...
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Ammonia-Based Flue Gas Desulfurization
The solid ammonium sulfate byproduct is readily marketable; ammonia sulfate is the most utilized fertilizer and fertilizer component in the world, with worldwide market growth expected through 2030.
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TECHNICAL flPR 19 CJ SZjt' Project Title: FGD-GYPSUM
V. Evaluate the impact of continued use of FGD-gypsum-derived ammonium sulfate on soil chemical properties. VI. Establish a process flow sheet for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD gypsum and evaluate the production costs and the market potential for the product. This project is a cooperative effort among the ISGS, UIUC, AUiedSignal, SE-ME,
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Method of recycling of by-products for the production of soda ash …
A method of producing soda ash and ammonium sulphate by recycling by-products of Merseberg and Solvay processes includes treating brine with soda ash distiller waste for desulphatation of the brine to obtain gypsum, recovering pure salt from the desulphated brine and utilizing it in manufacture of soda ash in a Solvay process, washing the gypsum and reacting it with liquor …
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EP2882879A2
A continuous countercurrent flow process for converting FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including countercurrent flows with internal recycle of liquids to maximize the purity of reaction products while minimizing reaction times, and further include embodiments of the process that provide a yield of both ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate to be 97 to …
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Production of ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate
Still another object is to provide an improvement in the Merseberg process for making ammonium sulfate by the reaction of gypsum lor calcium sulfate with ammonium carbonate wherein high yields of good quality productsare obtained. ... Process for converting fgd gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate US20150050206A1 (en) * : ...
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Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from FGD-gypsum.
Establish a process flow sheet for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD gypsum and evaluate the production costs and the market potential for the product.
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Focusing on the Merseburg process: benefits on …
ABSTRACT. Greenhouse gas emissions, mostly CO 2 release, on anthropogenic sources and industrial applications have triggered an increase in global temperature, termed as global warming and as-related climate change. …
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Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from FGD-gypsum
The goal of this study is to assess the technical and economic feasibility of producing marketable products, namely fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate, from gypsum produced as part of lime/limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD) processes. Millions of tons of FGD-gypsum by-product will be produced in this decade. In this study, a …
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Ammonium Sulfate: Properties, Production And Uses
Since approximately 1960, ammonium sulfate has experienced growing production as a co-product in the organic synthesis procedures. In certain regions, ammonium sulfate is …
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MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE FROM GYPSUM
OF THE DISCLOSURE Ammonium sulfate is manufactured from gypsum by a 15 continuous process in which an aqueous flow of material is continously recycled along a predetermined …
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MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE FROM GYPSUM
OF THE DISCLOSURE Ammonium sulfate is manufactured from gypsum by a 15 continuous process in which an aqueous flow of material is continously recycled along a predetermined closed cir cuit defined by a conduit and a wider vessel connected in series. A fresh aqueous gypsum slurry comprising a dis persion of finely divided gypsum in an ammonium sulfate 20 …
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US20140044619A1
A continuous countercurrent flow process for converting FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including countercurrent flows with internal recycle of liquids to maximize the purity of reaction products while minimizing reaction times, and further include embodiments of the process that provide a yield of both ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate to be 97 to …
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A Review on Ammono-Carbonation Reactions: Focusing on …
Merseburg Process Gypsum ammonium sulfate, CO 2 capture, waste treatment, ammono-carbonation. Chem Rev Lett 5 (2022) 83-91 84 with acting in plants stress responses and host-pathogen interactions. Affecting the plants on biochemical level, sulphur, takes part in the growth, development, disease
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8.4 Ammonium Sulfate
8.4 Ammonium Sulfate 8.4.1 General1-2 Ammonium sulfate ([NH4]2SO4) is commonly used as a fertilizer. In 1991, U. S. facilities produced about 2.7 million megagrams (Mg) (3 million tons) of ammonium sulfate in about 35 plants. Production rates at these plants range from 1.8 to 360 Mg (2 to 400 tons) per year. 8.4.2 Process Description1
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Process simulation of mineral carbonation of phosphogypsum with ammonia
The ammonium sulfate concentration slightly increases when the ammonia excess ratio exceeds 1.088, while the ammonia utilization ratio significantly decreases, which indicates using more ammonia will lead to volatilization losses when the ammonia excess ratio exceeds 1.088. ... Mineral carbonation of red gypsum via pH-swing process: effect of ...
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Production process for ammonium sulfate granules
The production process for the ammonium sulfate granules includes the steps: preparing, in volume fraction, 10%-20% of polyformaldehyde liquor as a bonding agent; adding ammonium sulfate, urea and gypsum into a granulator according to the proportion which is 90-95:3-5:2-5; atomizing the polyformaldehyde liquor occupying 3-5% of the weight of ...
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Ammonium sulfate preparation from phosphogypsum waste
DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2016.11.001 Corpus ID: 99459389; Ammonium sulfate preparation from phosphogypsum waste @article{Kandil2017AmmoniumSP, title={Ammonium sulfate preparation from phosphogypsum waste}, author={Abdelhakim Kandil and Mohamed F. Cheira and Hady Soliman Gado and Madiha H. Soliman and Hesham M. Akl}, …
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Partially Continuous Countercurrent Process For Converting Gypsum …
The present invention includes a partially continuous countercurrent process for converting gypsum, by reaction with ammonium carbonate, to products of ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate by introducing the reactants into reactors, mixing the reactants for a predetermined amount of time, employing a novel combination of countercurrent flows coupled with the …
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Revisiting the Merseburg Process: Economic Opportunity and
The process for manufacture of ammonium sulfate from gypsum, known as the Merseburg Process, named for the town in Germany where it was developed, has been commercially produced in plants in Austria, India, Pakistan and the United Kingdom in the past. It is based on reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide to produce ammonium carbonate, which is then reacted …
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Industrial Solutions Ammonium sulfate plants
which contains sulfur: ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate feeds sulfur and nitrogen to the soil. With its colloidal components, the fertilizer binds to clay particles in the soil, ensuring a long-term supply of nutrients. Ammonium sulfate is thus perfect for plants with a long growth period and in areas with high rainfall.
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US8758719B2
Definitions. This invention relates to the production of ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate from gypsum obtained from flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems located at electric power plants. While FGD gypsum provides a cheap source of gypsum, the physical structure of the gypsum crystalline particles may have characteristics that make it difficult to react with other …
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Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from FGD-gypsum.
Goal is to assess technical and economic feasibility for producing fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced in limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD). This is the 1st year of a 2-year program among Illinois State Geological Survey, University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), Allied-Signal, Marketing Chem. Process Inc., Henry Fertilizer, Illinois Power Co., …
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Process of manufacturing ammonium sulfate.
The process of manufacturing ammonium sulfate consisting in producing a concentrated solution of ammonium sulfate and subjecting in said concentrated solution gypsum to the action of...
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Phosphogypsum Two-Step Ammonia-Carbonation Resulting in Ammonium
In this process, the attack of 2 tons of PR with sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) produces about 1 ton of phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) and 5 tons of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) known as phosphogypsum waste (PG) [].Annually, the current production of PG worldwide is more than 250 million tons [].In Morocco, it exceeds 25 million tons per year [].The storage of …
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Partially continuous countercurrent process for converting gypsum …
The present invention includes a partially continuous countercurrent process for converting gypsum, by reaction with ammonium carbonate, to products of ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate by introducing the reactants into reactors, mixing the reactants for a predetermined amount of time, employing a novel combination of countercurrent flows coupled with the …
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TECHNICAL flPR 19 CJ SZjt' Project Title: FGD-GYPSUM
Establish a process flow sheet for the production of ammonium sulfate from FGD gypsum and evaluate the production costs and the market potential for the product.
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US8758719B2
The process for conversion of FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate by the reaction with ammonium carbonate is by a unique combination of countercurrent flows with …
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Ammonium sulfate preparation from phosphogypsum waste
The obtained precipitate is the highly purified phosphogypsum which is used to obtain the highly purified ammonium sulfate fertilizer, the preparation of ammonium sulfate process is applied using the suspended of 500 g purified phosphogypsum which is contained 410.6 g calcium sulfate in 2 L of 3% ammonium sulfate solution (as initiator), 1/4 ...
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