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Red mud as a sustainable road construction material: An …
This study systematically investigated the potential of red mud as a cement substitute in concrete production, focusing on its mechanical properties. Compliance with MEFCC (2016) regulations confirmed the non-hazardous nature of red mud waste. Red mud was incrementally added from 0% to 25%, maintaining a consistent water-cement ratio of 0.35.
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Red mud waste, hazards and the recycling ways | MAXTON
Red mud is rich in Al2O3 and Fe2O3 content. Although the elements present in red mud vary depending on the source, almost all red mud contains various types and quantities …
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Efficient utilization of red mud waste via stepwise leaching
Red mud accumulation has surpassed 4.6 billion tons, and the world's red mud stockpile is steadily expanding 2,3. Red mud is considered a significant environmental threat due to its high ...
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Making The Most Of Red Mud
The sulfidized red mud is not as efficient at removing arsenic, manganese, and strontium as red mud itself, Iannicelli says. But he suggests mixtures of red mud and sulfidized red mud might be an ...
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Applications of Red Mud as a Masonry Material: A Review
Red mud (RM) is a highly alkaline by-product produced by the aluminium industry. The total stockpile of RM in the world is evaluated to be close 4 billion tons, which caused serious soil and water pollution. The use of RM in masonry materials has proven to be a prospective strategy to alleviate the environmental problems caused by RM. During the past decades, …
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Mechanical dewatering of red mud
Red mud is difficult to process because of the presence of fine particles. Most red mud slurries contain particles smaller than 10 µm at 80 % passing, and as a result, the setting process becomes slower. As the red mud is being pumped onto the mud field, 10–20 % of the caustic alkali introduced to the process is irretrievably lost [24]. The ...
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Understanding red mud pollution: causes, impacts, and mitigation
Red mud is a highly alkaline waste product as well as containing toxic arsenic and mercury, which can cause serious harm if it enters the environment, having spilled from …
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Red mud waste, hazards and the recycling ways | MAXTON
What is red mud Around 1888, Austrian chemist Carl Josef Bayer developed a method for producing aluminum oxide from bauxite. The principle is simple: bauxite is mixed with NaOH solution and heated. The aluminum oxide contained in the bauxite can dissolve into sodium aluminate in the NaOH solution. After filtering to remove the precipitate, aluminum hydroxide …
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Efficient utilization of red mud waste via stepwise leaching
Global red mud manufacturing is anticipated to be 200 million tons annually. Red mud accumulation has surpassed 4.6 billion tons, and the world's red mud stockpile is steadily expanding 2,3. Red ...
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Advances in Understanding Environmental Risks of Red Mud …
In the 5 years since the 2010 Ajka red mud spill (Hungary), there have been 46 scientific studies assessing the key risks and impacts associated with the largest single release of bauxite …
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Progress of Solid Waste Red Mud in the Field of Ecology and
Red mud is a red, slurry-like waste produced by the alumina industry. The expansion of the alumina sector has significantly increased red mud production in recent years. Owing to its …
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Summary of research progress on separation and …
Approximately 80% of scandium in nature occurs in bauxite (Yan et al. 2020). In the process of alumina production, ... In this paper, the physicochemical properties and hazards of red mud are first introduced, and …
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Application of red mud in carbon capture, utilization
In this paper, the developregeneration characteristics of various red mud granularent status of RM-ERMs is described, the physical and chemical properties of red mud are introduced, and the active ...
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Zapping 'red mud' in plasma turns mine waste into …
Over the years, mining for aluminum has left behind billions of tons of the caustic sludge called red mud. But today in Nature, scientists report that a simple chemical process can extract another useful metal, iron, from this …
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Long-term ecological effects of the red mud disaster in Hungary
Considering its nature, red mud (wet storage solution) can be regarded as a complex mixture of contaminants. ... different groups or species can react distinctively (Hopkin, 1989; Hopkin, 1997; Hodson, 2013). In spite of the risks and potential adverse effects of a red mud exposure, it has to be noted that red mud also has the capacity to ...
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Current research status and emerging trends in utilization of red mud
The comprehensive utilization of red mud brings forth potential leaching risks associated with sodium and heavy metal components [57]. The core constituents of red mud, namely aluminum, silicon, and calcium, collectively account for over 50 % of its composition, ... Another facet to consider is the radioactive nature of red mud, stemming from ...
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Recovery of Fe Element from Red Mud by Sodium Roasting and …
The paper investigates the treatment of ferric red mud through sodium roasting and alkaline leaching. The Al element in the red mud was removed, and the alkaline leaching residues were relatively pure Fe2O3. A novel approach was developed to enhance the retrieval of Fe element from high iron red mud by synthesizing sodium ferrate using alkaline leaching …
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Review Carbon capture and mineralisation using red mud: A …
Red mud (RM), also known as bauxite residue, is a solid waste or industrial by-product (IBP) produced during the alumina extraction process from bauxite ore (Archambo and Kawatra, 2021; Wang et al., 2019; Yuan et al., 2020). The major alumina and RM-producing countries include China, Australia, Brazil, India, Greece, etc., where billions of ...
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A Comparison Study on the Recovery of REEs from Red Mud by …
In this study, the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from red mud (bauxite residue) was explored through a combination of citric acid leaching and sulfation roasting–water leaching processes, introducing an innovative approach to the field. The research uniquely investigates the influence of citric acid on the leaching behavior of REEs and impurities in both …
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The large-scale sustainable utilization status of bauxite residue (red
Red mud (abbreviated as RM) is a solid waste formed during the alumina refining process from bauxite. Every year, over 200 million tons of RM are discharged worldwide. China is a large producer of alumina; the entire amount of RM of China in storage exceeds 1 billion tons because there is no technology for large-scale treatment. Extensive studies on the sustainable …
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Sustainable Utilization of Red Mud as Recycled Waste: A
Red mud (RM) is a by-product produced during the extraction of alumina from bauxite using Bayer's process. The production of red mud as a by-product of hydrothermal alumina extraction results in the production of non-dissolved iron oxides, sodium aluminosilicates, titania, and silica, in addition to rare earth elements. Due to its high alkalinity, disposal …
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Transferring red mud to efficient adsorbent for the adsorption and
Red mud management strategies are generally categorized into two main approaches: hazard-free treatments and resource utilization. Hazard-free treatment focuses on stabilizing red mud to reduce environmental risks, while resource utilization seeks to convert red mud into valuable products or extract useful components or elements [6], [7], [8].Among the …
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(PDF) Advances in Understanding Environmental …
In the 5 years since the 2010 Ajka red mud spill (Hungary), there have been 46 scientific studies assessing the key risks and impacts associated with the largest single release of...
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Summary of research progress on separation and extraction of …
In this paper, the physicochemical properties and hazards of red mud are first introduced, and then, the overall utilization of red mud is summarized. Then, the latest research progress on the separation and extraction of valuable metals from red mud is reviewed in detail and a new comprehensive utilization method is recommended and evaluated.
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Environmental and Radiation Concerns of Red Mud
Highly alkaline and difficult to deal with, red mud presents a significant environmental hazard, especially when spilled out of the clay-lined impounds designed to contain it, as in the 2010 case of Ajka in Hungary. [1]
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Red mud: Characteristics, utilization, and environmental …
The extremely alkaline nature of red mud is harnessed in the making of RM-ERMs, offering a window to perk up the environment through purification methods. The utility of RM-ERMs has shown promise as a potential method for simultaneously addressing various types of waste. ... enhancing stoppage safety, and augmenting the overall benefits of ...
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Methods for Utilization of Red Mud and Its Management
Red mud (RM) is a solid caustic waste or a by-product formed after the digestion of bauxite ore with sodium hydroxide in a solution of concentrated NaOH at 150–230°C under pressure in Bayer's process for the extraction of alumina (Kurniawan et al., 2006, Zhang et al., 2011).During the digestion process, aluminum reacts with NaOH to form soluble sodium …
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Hexavalent chromium elimination from wastewater by integrated
In this study, we prepared the integrated micro-electrolysis composites (IMC) through a facile one-pot method with red mud and rice straw. The effects of components relatively mass ratios as well ...
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Properties, hazards and valuable metal recovery technologies of …
Red mud is a hazardous solid waste generated by the alumina industry. Review covers the nature, composition and environmental hazards of red mud. Recovery of valuable metals from red mud is discussed. Numerous relevant studies are cited to investigate …
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Mechanism and CO2 emissions analysis of multi-solid-waste
The large stockpile and low utilization rate of red mud (RM) have caused an urgent need for large quantities of RM to be eliminated. In this study, multi-solid-waste synergistic RM-based composite ...
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