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Present Situation and Research Progress of Comprehensive
The production process of antimony produces a large amount of solid waste, such as waste rock in mining, tailings in the beneficiation, metallurgical slag in the smelting, and so on. At present, most of these solid wastes are currently in storage, and the storage of a large amount of solid wastes is not only harmful to the local ecological environment but also a waste of …
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Antimony Recovery from End-of-Life Products and Industrial Process
The removal of antimony from antimony dust captured during the direct lead smelting process has been studied by Liu et al. They proposed a pyrometallurgical process based on reduction smelting, alkaline refining, and oxidation to extract antimony from antimony dust and produce Sb 2 O 3 with a purity above 99.8 % .
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Antimony and arsenic substance flow analysis in antimony
It brings technological challenges to the antimony smelting and purification process. Moreover, the generation of arsenic-containing pollutants in this process is a major environmental problem. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the distribution behavior of arsenic in the smelting process to realize the clean production of antimony.
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Extraction Process of Antimony from Stibnite by Electrothermal
There are two main types of modern antimony production methods—pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy [1,2,3].At present, the former is the main. The vast majority of antimony smelting enterprises have been using the traditional blast furnace volatile–reverberatory furnace reduction process, which is of low environmental protection, …
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Antimony Metallurgy
Antimony smelting is done through the pyrometallurgical process or the hydrometallurgical process, but mostly the pyrometallurgical process. This is mostly the …
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A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of …
Antimony is commonly obtained by smelting antimony ores and recovery from certain secondary sources. Two main methods are used to obtain antimony ore: …
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Process for smelting and separating antimony from gold
A process for smelting and separating antimony from gold includes the following steps: feeding auriferous oxygen powder obtained from a blast furnace by volatilization smelting into a reverberator, obtaining auriferous refined antimony by reduction smelting at a temperature of 800 to 1000 degrees centigrade, adding the auriferous refined antimony into an antimony white …
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(PDF) Present Situation and Research Progress of …
The production process of antimony produces a large amount of solid waste, such as waste rock in mining, tailings in the beneficiation, metallurgical slag in the smelting, and so on.
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A Review on Pyrometallurgical Extraction of Antimony from
Antimony is classified as a critical/strategic metal. Its primary production is predominated by China via pyrometallurgical routes such as volatilization roasting—reduction …
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Three Antimony Mineral Types And Mineral Processing Analysis
Stibnite (Sb₂S₃) is the main mineral in antimony sulfide ore, mainly distributed in Hunan. It is the main source of extracting metallic antimony and is widely used in flame retardants, alloy materials, ammunition and other fields. It is lead gray, has a metallic luster, low hardness, and is easy to crush and grind.Antimony sulfide ore is usually associated with other …
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Gold Smelting & Refining Process
When the smelting process is complete, the charge is poured into a mold. Once the slag is cool, this can be separate from lead and precious metals by using a hammer or any device than can break the slag. The metallic product is named button and have to be processed in the other smelting process called cupellation.
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One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low Temperature from …
A new process for one-step extraction of antimony in low temperature from stibnite concentrate by reductive sulfur-fixation smelting in sodium molten salt, using iron oxide as sulfur-fixing agent, was presented. The influences of molten salt addition and composition, ferric oxide dosage, smelting temperature and duration on extraction efficiency of antimony were …
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Antimony Metallurgy
Antimonite ore is processed by hand-picking–flotation or heavy medium separation–flotation to pick out lump ore, rich lump ore, and concentrate that will go into the smelting process. Antimony smelting is done through the pyrometallurgical process or the hydrometallurgical process, but mostly the pyrometallurgical process.
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Antimony and gold substance flows analysis of pyrometallurgical …
At present, the research on improving antimony smelting efficiency and reducing pollutant emission mainly focuses on the blast furnace smelting-reverberatory furnace of …
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Antimony Processing: Unlocking the Potential of a Versatile Element
The primary sources of antimony extraction are stibnite (antimony trisulfide) and valentinite (antimony trioxide). The extraction process typically involves several steps, including mining, concentration, and smelting. Mining involves the extraction of antimony-rich ore from underground or open pit mines.
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AP-42, CH 12.3: Primary Copper Smelting
A typical pyrometallurgical copper smelting process, as illustrated in Figure 12.3-1, includes 4 steps: roasting, smelting, concentrating, and fire refining. Ore concentration is roasted to reduce impurities, including sulfur, antimony, arsenic, and lead. The roasted product, calcine, serves as a dried and heated charge for the smelting furnace.
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Clean and efficient separation process for high-antimony crude tin
Antimony (Sb) is a troublesome impurity in the tin (Sn) smelting process. Generally, the Sb content in a Sn concentrate is 0.01–0.5%, and approximately 95% Sb is mixed with crude Sn after reduction and smelting [1,2].
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Antimony smelting process generating solid wastes and dust
The four wastes generated in the antimony smelting process exhibited specific chemical composition. Present in the amorphous phases, the metal constituents in WQS were primarily composed of Si, Fe, and Ca. With the presence of species such as CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O and CaSO 3 ·0.5H 2 O, a large quantity of CaO and SO 2 was incorporated into DS.
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Antimony, a pollutant of emerging concern: A review on industrial
Antimony comes into the environment through both geogenic and anthropogenic means, such as weathering of rocks containing antimony, antimony mining and smelting activities, combustion of coal and also through the use of various products containing antimony (He et al., 2019). Antimony and the compounds containing antimony had been classified as ...
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One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low Temperature from …
Abstract: A new process for one-step extraction of antimony in low temperature from stibnite concentrate by reductive sulfur-fixation smelting in sodium molten salt, using iron oxide as ... process, the smelting temperature of present process is reduced from 1150–1200 C (1423–1473 K) to 850–900 C (1123–1173 K). ...
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REDUCTION SMELTING OF ANTIMONY CONCENTRATE …
in this area is focused at a smelting reduction process to obtain rough antimony and antimony trioxide hydro - metallurgical processing [7 - 9]. Antimony concentrate smelting reduction is per-formed in absence or presence of fluxes. The techno-logical parameters effect on the antimony behavior is not considered in the literature.
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Antimony Smelting
Methods of Smelting: A. Treatment of Poor Ore, from 20 to 35 Per Cent. Sb.— The process of volatilizing roasting is always adopted to roast these products to the volatile trioxide …
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Antimony smelting process generating solid wastes and dust
A large amount of solid waste has been produced by the antimony smelting process in the "World Capital of Antimony", Xikuangshan area in China. This study comprehensively …
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A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of …
Here, we propose a clean one-step microwave carbothermic reduction process for direct reduction of antimony sulfide concentrate to metallic antimony using ZnO as the sulfur …
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Green and Effective Purification of Antimony and Recovery of …
Noble antimony is the carrier of precious metals in the antimony smelting system and has a very high added value. This study proposes a novel, green, and effective vacuum gasification process for purifying antimony and recovering precious metals from noble antimony. Saturated vapor pressure and separation coefficients (β) were used to qualitatively analyze the …
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Antimony Treatment in Kosaka Lead Smelting | SpringerLink
To treat antimony input increase, antimony recovery process was installed in Kosaka Smelting and Refining. In the lead refining division, the limit of antimony grade in lead anodes was raised from 2.0% to 4.2% by enhancing removal and washing capabilities for …
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Analysis of Antimony Sulfide Oxidation Mechanism in Oxygen …
Oxygen Side-Blown Smelting Process. A domestic antimony smelting plant adopts a side-blown furnace for oxygen-enriched smelting, and the schematic of the oxygen side-blown antimony smelting process is shown in Fig. 2.The molten pool depth is 1100 ~ 2500 mm, and the oxygen lances are installed at the side of the furnace to blow oxygen and natural gas into the molten …
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One-step extraction of antimony from low-grade stibnite in Sodium
On the other hand, the current antimony smelting process which involves roasting the concentrate in a blast furnace, volatilizing the resulting Sb 2 O 3, and reducing the Sb 2 O 3 with carbon to metallic Sb, always results in serious environmental pollution. In another aspect, reducing smelting temperature come out two main advantages.
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Advancements in the separation, purification, and smelting …
The experiment successfully mapped the distribution of elements throughout the process, and the results indicated that the separation of bismuth from arsenic and antimony was achieved during the oxidation smelting process, and that the recovery rate …
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A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of …
A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of Antimony KAI LIANG,1,2 BAOZHONG MA,1,2,3 YARUI AN,1,2 YANG ZHANG,1,2 YONGQIANG CHEN,1,2 and CHENGYAN WANG1,2,4 ... used minerals in the smelting process are stibnite and jamesonite. Antimony ore is a mineral com-pound with a complex mineral composition and microstructure. …
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