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Flat and Elongated Particles
Flat and Elongated Particles Purpose • Determine the percentage of flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregate sample • Standard Test – Method for Determining Flat and Elongated …
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FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES IN COARSE …
This FOP covers the determination of the percentage, by mass, of flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates for comparison with specification limits. This FOP can be performed in …
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Solved A sample of coarse aggregate was tested for flat and
A sample of coarse aggregate was tested for flat and elongated particles according to ASTM D4791 and then coarse aggregate angularity according to ASTM D5821. The following masses were determined: Total mass of aggregate = 2,708 g Mass of aggregate having an aspect ratio exceeding 5:1 -298 g Mass of aggregate with 1 or more crushed face = 1.760 ...
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A detection method of elongated and flat aggregate particles based …
In addition, compared to the elongated aggregate particles, the flat aggregate particles make the relative movement between the aggregates easier; this has a greater impact on the compaction performance of the asphalt mixture. Miao et al. used DEM to study the influence of elongated and flat aggregate particles on a mixture [7].
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Image-based methods for automatic identification of elongated and flat
It was found that elongated and flat particles increase the vulnerability of particles to breakage, and flat particles have a more negative influence than elongated particles. Gong et al. analyzed the influences of coarse aggregate shapes on asphalt mixture compaction [16]. The DEM results indicated that with an increase in the percentage of ...
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Evaluation of the Effect of Flat and Elongated Particles on the
Flat and elongated particles have long been considered undesirable in hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixes due to their tendency to break down during construction and traffic. Currently, the Superpave mix design system currently specifies a maximum limit of 10 percent of flat and elongated particles at the 5:1 ratio for the design aggregate blend. Very ...
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Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated
centages of flat particles, elongated particles, or flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates. Two procedures, Method A and Method B, are presented in this standard. MethodAis a reflection of the original procedure as developed prior to Superpave and is intended for all non-Superpave applications. Method B is a comparison of the maximum
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EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF FLAT AND …
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of flat-and-elongated particles (based on a 3:1 ratio) on the mix design volumetric properties, rutting susceptibility, aggregate breakdown, …
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Flat and Elongated Particles – Pavement Interactive
The flat and elongated particle test is used to determine the dimensional ratios for aggregate particles of specific sieve sizes. This characterization is used in the Superpave specification to identify aggregate that may have a tendency to impede compaction or have difficulty meeting VMA specifications due to …
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Precisions of Flat and Elongated Particle Tests ASTM D4791 and …
Precisions of Flat and Elongated Particle Tests ASTM D4791 and VDG-40 Videograder. Brian D. Prowell and Randy Weingart View all authors and affiliations. Volume 1673, Issue 1. ... A Method of Test for Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregates. In Handbook for Concrete and Cement. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Miss., 1997 ...
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DETERMINING FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES
DETERMINING FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES TXDOT DESIGNATION: TEX-280-F CONSTRUCTION DIVISION 2 – 3 LAST REVIEWED: SEPTEMBER 2014 4.2 Reduce the sample to an amount suitable for testing in accordance with Tex-200-F. 5. PROCEDURE 5.1 Oven-dry the sample to constant weight, at a temperature of 230 ± 9°F (110 ± 5°C).
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Evaluation of the Specification for Flat and Elongated …
This research was conducted to determine if the specification for flat and elongated aggregates for use in Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) in Connecticut can be reasonably achieved. …
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Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, …
10.1.3.1 Number of particles in each sieve size tested, 10.1.3.2 Percentages, calculated by number or by mass, or both, for: (1) flat particles, ( 2) elongated particles, and (3) total flat particles and elongated particles for each sieve size tested, and 10.1.3.3 The dimensional ratios used in the tests. 10.1.4 For flat and elongated ...
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specification of flat and elongated particles
specifiion of flat and elongated particles The particle is considered flat and elongated if the maximum thickness can be placed through the smaller opening. the particles have been classified into the groups described in, determine the proportion of the sample in each group by count or mass, as required.
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1208 FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES IN COARSE …
Flat and elongated particles in a +9.5mm (3/8") aggregate could interfere with and/or make it difficult to consolidate and place these materials. 1208.2 APPARATUS A. Proportional Caliper Device – This apparatus is suitable for this testing procedure. Consisting of a base with two fixed posts and a swinging
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EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES …
Flat and elongated particles have long been considered undesirable in hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixes due to their tendency to break down during construction and traffic. Currently, the Superpave mix design system currently specifies a maximum limit of 10 percent of flat and elongated particles at the 5:1 ratio for the design aggregate blend. Very few coarse …
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ASTM D4791
Calculation: the percentage of flat, elongated, or flat and elongated particles in each size fraction, and for the combined aggregate sample, is calculated. The shape of coarse aggregate particles plays a crucial role in various construction applications.
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1208 FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES IN COARSE …
1208 FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES IN COARSE AGGREGATE ASTM Designation D 4791 (Mn/DOT Modified) 1208.1 Scope The flat & elongated test determines by mass the …
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Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and …
Terminology 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 flat or elongated particles of aggregate—those particles of aggregate having a ratio of width to thickness or length to width greater than a specified value (see Terminology C 125). 1 This test method is …
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EFFECT OF FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES IN …
Flat and elongated particles are claimed to have deleterious effects on the workabihty and strength of concrete and, particularly, on the surface and surface finish of concrete subjected to wear Opinions formed from a consideration of these factors, together with a tendency
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Investigation of the force evolution in aggregate blend compaction
The effect of elongated and flat particles on the evolution behavior of aggregate blend in compaction process was also followed by some researchers. Chen [22] evaluated the movement characteristics of particles of asphalt mixture in compaction process by taking the images of sections of specimens with different compaction degree. Four different ...
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Evaluation of the Specification for Flat and Elongated …
a maximum acceptable percentage of flat and elongated particles that a coarse aggregate blend may have before being ruled out as an acceptable source. Regional state requirements for flat and elongated particles are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Regional States Flat and Elongated Specifications State Specification ASTM D4791, Method B
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Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate ASTM D-4791 …
Flaky and Elongated Test - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. This document outlines a test method for determining the percentage of flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates used for asphalt production. Flat and elongated particles are undesirable as they interfere with consolidation and have a tendency to fracture under load.
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Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated …
8.3 Method AÑ Test each of the particles in each size fraction, and place in one of four groups: ( 1) ßat particles, ( 2) elongated particles, ( 3) particles that meet the criteria of both Group 1 and Group 2, and (4) neither ßat nor elongated particles that do not meet the criteria of either Group 1 or Group 2.
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Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated Particles in
The particle is elongated if the width can be placed within the smaller opening. 8.3.2 After the particles have been classified into the group described in 8.3, determine the proportion of the sample in each group by either count or by mass, as required. 8.4 Flat and Elongated Particle Test—Test each of the particles in each size fraction and ...
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ASTM D4791
ASTM D4791_10 Flat and elongated Particles in Coarse aggregate - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free.
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Elongated Particle
The test procedure is specified in ASTM D4791: Flat or Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate and is performed on coarse aggregate larger than 4.75 mm.The procedure uses a proportional clipper device (Fig. 10.2) to measure the dimensional ratio of a representative sample of aggregate particles.In Fig 10.2, the aggregate particle is first placed with its largest dimension …
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ASTM International
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentages of flat particles, elongated particles, or flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates. Two procedures, Method A and Method B, are presented in this standard. Method A is a reflection of the original procedure as developed prior to Superpave and is intended for all non ...
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Effect of Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregates on
Flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates, for some construction uses, may interfere with consolidation and be difficult to place. In this study, an experiment to evaluate properties of ...
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Flat and Elongated: Advances Using Digital Image Analysis
The objective of this study was to investigate three flat and elongated particles ratios (FERs): 2:1, 3:1, and 5:1 using a modern 3-D laser scanning technique and compare results with ASTM D 4791 ...
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