0086-21-58386256

Hierachical intelligent optimization blending system based on

In lead-zinc sintering process, various kinds of lead-zinc concentrates and returning powder from ineligible sintering production are blended and then sintered in updraft sintering machine to produce agglomerate for imperial smelting process. It is required to determine a proper mixture ratio for these materials blended to assure sintering ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Intelligent optimal control for lead-zinc sintering process state

Key words: lead-zinc sintering process; synthetical permeability; burn-through point(BTP); fuzzy expert controller; state- optimization control 1 Introduction The lead-zinc sintering process is an important step of imperial smelting process(ISP). ... (DL) type sintering machine, which was composed of 5 blowers: No.O is igniting blower, No.l and ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Neural-network-based integrated model for predicting burn …

The lead–zinc sintering process (LZSP) aims at producing sinter with satisfactory permeability, appropriate composition, etc. [1], [2].It features strong nonlinearity and time-varying parameters [3], which make it difficult to build a model of the process for practical use.The burn-through point (BTP) is a key parameter of the LZSP.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Effect of Lead and Zinc Impurities in Ironmaking and the

This paper reviews the effects of Pb and Zn impurities and their removal in the ironmaking process. The phase changes during ironmaking were investigated, along with the removal techniques of such impurities and their environmental impact. Results show that distribution of Pb–Zn–Fe in Fe ore is complicated, the particles are fine, and the removal of …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

12.6 Primary Lead Smelting

The processing of lead concentrate into metallurgical lead involves 3 major steps: sintering, reduction, and refining. A diagram of a typical facility, with particle and gaseous emission …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Zinc Mining: element extraction method Roasting, …

In existing smelters, cylindrical furnaces vary in area from 15 to 27 square meters, and capacities range from 50,000 to 100,000 tons of zinc and 30,000 to 50,000 tons of lead per annum. The zinc-lead blast furnace has the flexibility to accept …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Lead Smelting

The description presented here applies to the roasting–sintering of lead and zinc sulfide concentrates. ... Hence, the operation of a sinter plant is coupled with the operation of a lead blast furnace. • Sintering machines are quite complex with a hot and dusty environment. 2.3.1.2.1.2 Lead Blast Furnace. The blast furnace is a vertical ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Kazzinc

Zinc: Lead Sinter Machine Zinc Roaster: Copper Isasmelt: Plant Capacity-895 MTPD Gas Flow: 125,000 Nm 3 /h SO 2: 6.5%-SA/DA-SA: DA: Emissions---Status-Operating: Operating: Year Built ... Lead, Zinc, Copper and precious metal-containing residues with fluxes are treated in one updraft Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine, with the Lead sinter ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Zinc Mining: element extraction method Roasting, sintering

In existing smelters, cylindrical furnaces vary in area from 15 to 27 square meters, and capacities range from 50,000 to 100,000 tons of zinc and 30,000 to 50,000 tons of lead per annum. The zinc-lead blast furnace has the flexibility to accept a wide range of mixed ores and residues, and zinc can bypass the sinter roasting process. 4.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

[PDF] Lead and Zinc Sintering

Galena (PbS) and sphalerite (ZnS) are the major ore minerals for Pb and Zn respectively. Pyrometallurgical processing of Pb and Zn metals usually includes four stages: ore dressing, smelting, drossing and refining. Sinter – blast furnace route is one of the most important smelting technologies which was adopted from iron and steel industries. Lead-rich sinter is treated in …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Hierachical intelligent optimization blending system based on

Fig. 1. The lead-zinc sintering process Different kinds of lead-zinc ores are first blended and dried to become mixing dry concentrate. Then the mixing concentrate and returning powder are blended and granulated. The mixture is oxidized and desulfurated in updraft sintering machine to produce agglomerates and SO 2 is sent to prepare sulfuric acid.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Lead

Lead is produced from ores, and it occurs in the form of various minerals; galena (PbS) is the most common ore of lead and zinc. Other minerals are anglesite (PbSO 4) and cerussite (PbCO 3). ... It is done in a Dweight-Lloyd sintering machine. During roasting, the temperature (at 800°C) must be carefully controlled because, above 800°C, PbS ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Sinter Machine

Sinter machine feed can comprise lead concentrate, return sinter fines, fluxes of limestone, silica sand and ironstone, granulated blast furnace slag, zinc plant leach residue, dusts, secondary materials, and coke fines. Feed preparation includes the use of mixing tables and nodulizing drums. Moisture control is critical.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Air Pollution Prevention at a Modern Zinc Smelter

nominal composition of this fume is 35% zinc, 11% lead, and 7% cadmium. The collection of sintering fume is not without its prob-lems. One such consideration is the large volume of gas which must be processed. At Josephtown over 1,300,000 cu. ft. STP of sintering machine gases are treated per ton of product zinc produced.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Sinter Plant

The description presented here applies to the roasting–sintering of lead and zinc sulfide concentrates. ... Hence, the operation of a sinter plant is coupled with the operation of a lead blast furnace. • Sintering machines are quite complex with a hot and dusty environment. 2.3.1.2.1.2 Lead Blast Furnace. The blast furnace is a vertical ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

6 Lead and Zinc

Lead and Zinc Lead and zinc ores are usually found together with gold and silver. A lead-zinc ore may also contain lead sulfide, zinc sulfide, iron sulfide, iron carbonate, and quartz. ... the mixture is pelletized and fed to the sinter machine. A thin layer of the feed is directed onto the grates, and ignited with natural gas burners ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

12.6 Primary Lead Smelting

6. Weak gases from the back end of the sinter machine, which are high in lead dust content but typically pass through cyclones and a baghouse; 7. Fugitive emissions from the sinter building, including leaks in the sinter machine and the sinter cake crusher; 8. Gases exiting the top of the blast furnace, which are typically controlled with a ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Lead and Zinc Smelting

Lead and zinc can be produced pyrometal- lurgically or hydrometallurgically, depending on the type of ore used as a charge. In the pyromet- allurgical process, ore concentrate containing …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

BACKGROUND REPORT PRIMARY LEAD SMELTING AND …

4) undersized sinter recycled from the roast exiting the sinter machine. The undersized sinter return stream mixes with the other feed components, or green feed, as the two streams enter a rotary pelletizing drum. A water spray into the drum enhances the formation of nodules in which the sinter returns form a core rich in lead oxide and the ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Intelligent optimal control for lead-zinc sintering process state

Based on a lead-zinc smelting factory, the intelligent optimal control system of obturation blast sintering process focused on synthetical permeability was proposed, and the …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Lead and Zinc Sintering

Sinter is the primary feedstock for blast furnace to produce lead and zinc metals and it is obtained by the oxidation sintering of fine particulate zinc/lead sulphide concentrates in …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Smelter

The Pyrometallurgical smelter uses the Imperial Smelting Process (ISP), whose process starts with sintering, where lead and zinc concentrates, bulk concentrates ( a mixture of zinc and lead concentrates) are blended with secondaries and fluxes. The mixture is passed through the sinter machine to remove sulphur.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Zinc and Lead Metallurgical Slags as a Potential Source of Metal

The charge mixture is subjected to an oxidative roasting process at 1200 °C in a Dwight–Lloyd (DL) sintering machine. The products of this process are zinc–lead sinter and post-reaction gas. The gas is transferred to a sulphuric acid production line while the sinter, ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Chanderiya Lead-Zinc Smelter [Largest Lead-Zinc …

Chanderiya Lead-Zinc Smelter (CLZS) stands as one of the world's largest zinc-lead smelting complexes, with a current annual metal production capacity of 704,000 MT, encompassing 609,000 MT of zinc and 95,000 MT of lead.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Metallurgy of the direct smelting of lead

smelting of lead A. G. Matyas and P. J. Mackey Many factors must be considered in the selection of a direct smelting process for lead concentrates. T he lead blast furnace in tandem with a sintering machine has been the mainstay of the lead smelt­ ing …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

LEAD, ZINC AND OTHER BYPRODUCT METALS

The average lead content of the material currently mined is approximately 6 percent (USBuMines annual 1991). Antimony and bismuth, as well as copper, zinc, silver and gold are byproducts of lead mining. The process for the production of primary lead from ore consists of five basic stages, namely: ore mining and beneficiation, sintering, smelting,

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Training report-hzl-cszl | PDF

Sinter Machine: The updraft sinter machine has an area of 120 sq. m. and 109 pallets each measuring 3 m x 1 m in size. ... the small sized clinkers coming from sinter are melted and lead, silver, zinc copper, etc. are obtained in their impure form. These impure metals are then sent to refinery plant in order to obtain the highest purity form ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Thermodynamic Modelling of the Lead Sintering Roasting …

composition in a lead/zinc sinter plant by the use of charge calculation which included as a target the theoretical peak bed temperature. Xu et al. [6] and Gui et al. [7] described the

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Thermodynamic modelling of the lead sintering roasting process

The model calculates the temperature profile along the sintering machine, the compositions of the sinter and the exhaust gas. The results of the proposed model were compared with sinter pot experimental trials and a ... of the lead-zinc sintering process. Zhou et al. [8] modelled the iron ore sintering process taking into account the flame ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Lead and Zinc Production

Descriptions and flow sheets of the sinter plant-blast furnace and direct smelting-reduction routes (e.g., KIVCET, QSL, Isasmelt/Ausmelt) used in lead production and of the …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Solutions